Background In countries with a high seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type
1 (HIV-1), HIV infection contributes significantly to infant mortality. We investigated …

Background HIV contributes substantially to child mortality, but factors underlying these
deaths are inadequately described. With individual data from seven randomised mother-to …

THE LANCET Infectious Diseases Vol 4 March 2004 http://infection. thelancet. com 156
include bronchopneumonia, cavitation, bronchiectasis, and interstitial pneumonitis …

Adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV require coordinated multidisciplinary support
services–including adherence support, reproductive health counseling addressing both …

Background. Rates of perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission are
higher among HIV-infected mothers with more advanced disease, but effects of maternal …

Background Depletion of CD4 T-cell counts or progression of human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) disease occurs rapidly in children, but few data address the efficacy of …

Background. The clinical impact of early antiretroviral multidrug therapy on the risk of early-
onset severe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease has not been evaluated on a …

Background HIV-infected women, particularly those with advanced disease, may have
higher rates of pregnancy loss (miscarriage and stillbirth) and neonatal mortality than …

OBJECTIVE. We sought to determine the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on the
incidence and prevalence of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected children. METHODS …

Objectives: To determine the natural history of HIV infection following peripartum single-
dose nevirapine (sd-NVP) prophylaxis in a resource-limited country, and to assess …