Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) frequently experience unpleasant symptoms.
These can be gastrointestinal (constipation, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea), psychological …

Anemia is a complication that affects a majority of individuals with advanced CKD. Although
relative deficiency of erythropoietin production is the major driver of anemia in CKD, iron …

Hypoxia-inducible factor–prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) are a promising
new class of orally administered drugs currently in late-stage global clinical development for …

Prolyl hydroxylase domain oxygen sensors are dioxygenases that regulate the activity of
hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which controls renal and hepatic erythropoietin production …

Improved understanding of the oxygen-dependent regulation of erythropoiesis has provided
new insights into the pathogenesis of anaemia associated with renal failure and has led to …

Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors stabilize levels of hypoxia-inducible
factor that upregulate transcription of multiple genes associated with the response to …

Anemia is frequently observed in the course of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and it is
associated with diminishing the quality of a patient's life. It also enhances morbidity and …

Endoscopic gastrointestinal workup fails to establish the cause of iron deficiency anemia
(IDA) in a substantial proportion of patients. In patients referred for hematologic evaluation …

Patients on dialysis require phosphorus binders to prevent hyperphosphatemia and are iron
deficient. We studied ferric citrate as a phosphorus binder and iron source. In this sequential …

Resistance to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) has been observed in a
considerable proportion of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and it is reportedly …