Hypernatremia is defined as a serum sodium level above 145 mmol/L. It is a frequently
encountered electrolyte disturbance in the hospital setting, with an unappreciated high …

It is critical for cells to maintain a homeostatic balance of water and electrolytes because
disturbances can disrupt cellular function, which can lead to profound effects on the …

Stimulation of glutamatergic neurons in the subfornical organ drives drinking behavior, but
the brain targets that mediate this response are not known. The densest target of subfornical …

Primary osmosensory neurons in the mouse organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT)
transduce hypertonicity via the activation of nonselective cation channels that cause …

Much progress has been made during the past 30 years with respect to elucidating the
neural and endocrine pathways by which bodily needs for water and energy are brought to …

During heat waves, significant mortality and morbidity occurs in elderly populations due to
heat-stress and dehydration. The dehydration is primarily attributable to inadequate water …

In the rat supraoptic nucleus, every oxytocin cell projects to the posterior pituitary, and is
involved both in reflex milk ejection during lactation and in regulating uterine contractions …

Elderly patients with heart failure (HF) may be troubled by thirst, despite the fact that elderly
have an impaired ability to sense thirst. The present study was undertaken to compare the …

Fluid balance is critical to life and hence is tightly controlled in the body. Angiotensin II
(ANGII), one of the most important components of this regulatory system, is recognized as a …

Animals can sense their changing internal needs and then generate specific physiological
and behavioural responses in order to restore homeostasis. Water-saline homeostasis …