In many vertebrate CNS synapses, the neurotransmitter glutamate activates postsynaptic
non-N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and NMDA receptors. Since their biophysical properties …

Light-induced calcium influx into retinal axons is regulated by presynaptic nicotinic
acetylcholine receptor activity in vivo. Visual activity is thought to be a critical factor in …

We survey the primary roles of calcium in retinal function, including photoreceptor
transduction, transmitter release by different classes of retinal neuron, calcium-mediated …

Differences in synaptic transmission between rod and cone photoreceptors contribute to
different response kinetics in rod‐versus cone‐dominated visual pathways. We examined …

The photoreceptors lie between the inner retina and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
The release of glutamate by the phototoreceptors can signal changes in light levels to inner …

Synaptic transmission between a graded potential neuron and a spiking neuron was
investigated in vivo using sensory stimulation instead of artificial excitation of the presynaptic …

purpose. To study the slow and fast rod signals of the scotopic 15-Hz flicker ERG in patients
carrying mutations in the NYX gene, which has been recently identified as the cause of the …

In the vertebrate retina, signals generated by cones of different spectral preference and by
highly sensitive rod photoreceptors interact at various levels to extract salient visual …

At least twice daily our retinas move between a light adapted, cone‐dominated (photopic)
state and a dark‐adapted, color‐blind and highly light‐sensitive rod‐dominated (scotopic) …

Postsynaptic responses are a product of quantal amplitude (Q), size of the releasable
vesicle pool (N), and release probability (P). Voltage‐dependent changes in presynaptic …