Mechanisms involved in fine adaptation of fungi to their environment include differential
gene regulation associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms and indels (including …

Pseudogenes, the debilitated parts of ancient genes, were previously scrapped off as junk or
discarded genes with no functional significance. Pseudogenes have come under scrutiny for …

The chloroplast genome evolves through the course of evolution. Various types of
mutational events are found within the chloroplast genome, including insertions-deletions …

The plastid genome has proven to be an effective tool for examining deep correlations in
plant phylogenetics, owing to its highly conserved structure, uniparental inheritance, and …

A comparison of the virulence, saprophytic growth, and genomes of 12 isolates of Ilyonectria
mors-panacis and 4 isolates of I. robusta from Canada pathogenic to Panax quinquefolius …

Fungal secondary metabolites have many important biological roles and some, like the toxic
polyketide aflatoxin, have been intensively studied at the genetic level. Complete sets of …

Fungal secondary metabolites have important functions for the fungi that produce them, such
as roles in virulence and competition. The hemibiotrophic pine needle pathogen …

Background Automated gene-calling is still an error-prone process, particularly for the highly
plastic genomes of fungal species. Improvement through quality control and manual curation …

The genus Cladonia represents one of the most speciose genera of lichenized fungi, with
more than 500 known species encompassing a diverse array of morphologies and habits …

Various forms of participation of proteolytic enzymes in pathogenesis and defense in plants
are reviewed. Along with extracellular proteinases, phytopathogenic microorganisms …