Fear and anxiety play a central role in mammalian life, and there is considerable interest in
clarifying their nature, identifying their biological underpinnings, and determining their …

Threat-anticipatory defensive responses have evolved to promote survival in a dynamic
world. While inherently adaptive, aberrant expression of defensive responses to potential …

The substantial individual heterogeneity that characterizes people with mental illness is
often ignored by classical case–control research, which relies on group mean comparisons …

Method As examples of the new approaches that have emerged, here we introduce the
Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) …

A main goal in translational neuroscience is to identify neural correlates of psychopathology
(“biomarkers”) that can be used to facilitate diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. This goal …

Brain functional connectivity (FC) derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging has
been serving as a potential 'fingerprint'for adults. However, cross-scan variation of FC can …

Poverty is associated with changes in brain development and elevates the risk for
psychopathology in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Although the field is rapidly …

How behavior arises from brain physiology has been one central topic of investigation in
neuroscience. Considering the recent interest in predicting behavior from brain imaging …

Mapping brain-behaviour associations is paramount to understand and treat psychiatric
disorders. Standard approaches involve investigating the association between one brain …

Neuroimaging has been widely adopted in psychiatric research, with hopes that these non-
invasive methods will provide important clues to the underpinnings and prediction of various …