The dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (DPAG), superior and inferior colliculus have been
implicated in the control of defense reactions in the midbrain. Electrical and chemical …

The inferior colliculus (IC) is a mesencephalic auditory nucleus involved in several functions
including the analysis of the frequency and intensity of sounds as well as sound localization …

Previous studies in the rat have shown that the hypothalamic tuberomammillary nucleus, the
major source of neuronal histamine, is related to mechanisms of learning, memory …

The inferior colliculus (IC), a midbrain structure that processes acoustic information of
aversive nature, is distinguished from other auditory nuclei in the brainstem by its …

Aiming to clarify the effect of interactive interconnections between the endogenous opioid
peptides–neural links and GABAergic pathways on panic-like responses, in the present …

Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reaction to a strong sound is the reduction of this
reaction elicited by a weak stimulus, a tone for example, when it precedes the startling …

This work aims to describe behavioral/electroencephalographic (EEG) seizures induced by
bicuculline microinjection intracerebroventricularly (ICV) and in the dorsal hippocampal …

The inferior colliculus is notably associated with defensive behavior. Electrical or
pharmacological stimulation of the inferior colliculus induces aversive reactions such as …

Studies on the involvement of 5-HT1-mediated mechanisms in the dorsal periaqueductal
gray (dPAG) of animals with past stressful experiences have not been conducted so far. We …

Evidence suggests that the pathophysiology associated with epileptic susceptibility may
disturb the functional connectivity of neural circuits and compromise the brain functions …