The dorsal (dPAG) and ventral (vPAG) regions of the periaqueductal gray are well known to
contain the neural substrates of fear and anxiety. Chemical or electrical stimulation of the …

The inferior colliculus is a primary relay for the processing of auditory information in the
brainstem. The inferior colliculus is also part of the so-called brain aversion system as …

The midbrain tectum structures, dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) and inferior colliculus
(IC), are involved in the organization of fear and anxiety states during the exposure to …

The dorsolateral periaqueductal grey (dlPAG) is proposed to play a role in the elaboration of
defensive behaviors. Nitric oxide (NO) donors, injected into this region, induce flight …

Besides its primary function in the transmission of acoustic signals, the inferior colliculus (IC)
is involved in conveying auditory information of aversive nature to higher cortical structures …

The dorsal periaqueductal grey matter (dPAG) and inferior colliculus (IC) have been
implicated in the control of defence reactions. Electrical and chemical stimulation of these …

The brain and behavior are under energetic constraints, limited by mitochondrial energy
transformation capacity. However, the mitochondria-behavior relationship has not been …

Wild running (WR) behavior of rats seen in response to intense acoustic stimulation of
audiogenic seizure-paradigm is very similar to the panic flight and can be facilitated by …

Electrical or chemical stimulation of the inferior colliculus (IC) induces fear-like behaviors.
More recently, consistent evidence has shown that electrical stimulation of the central …

Electrical stimulation of midbrain tectum structures, particularly the dorsal periaqueductal
gray (dPAG) and inferior colliculus (IC), produces defensive responses, such as freezing …