Significance: Autophagy is a self-degrading process that determines cell fate in response to
various environmental stresses. In contrast to autophagy-mediated cell survival, the signals …

Malignant tumors represent a major threat to global health and the search for effective
treatments is imperative. While various treatments exist, including surgery, radiotherapy …

Alkaliptosis, a type of regulated cell death driven by intracellular alkalization, was first
described in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells after treatment with the opioid …

Significance: Cholesterol is a type of lipid that plays a crucial role in building and
maintaining cell membranes, producing certain hormones, and aiding in digestion. The two …

Simple Summary Cancer represents unrestricted growth with the removal of conventional
brakes that control growth under normal conditions. This requires novel mechanisms to …

Although widespread pain, such as fibromyalgia, is considered to have a central cause,
peripheral input is important. We used a rat repeated cold stress (RCS) model with many …

Although radiotherapeutic efficiency has been revealed to be positively correlated with
ferroptosis, the neutral/alkaline cytoplasm pH value of tumor cells remains an intrinsic …

Defective lysosomal acidification is responsible for a large range of multi-systemic disorders
associated with impaired autophagy. Diseases caused by mutations in the VMA21 gene …

Vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) is regarded as a possible target in cancer treatment. It is
expressed in primary acute myeloid leukemia cells (AML), but the expression varies …

Calpain-1 and calpain-2 are calcium-dependent Cys-proteases ubiquitously expressed in
mammalian tissues with a processive, rather than degradative activity. They are crucial for …