The remarkable anatomical homeostasis exhibited by complex living organisms suggests
that they are inherently reprogrammable information-processing systems that offer …

A defining feature of biology is the use of a multiscale architecture, ranging from molecular
networks to cells, tissues, organs, whole bodies, and swarms. Crucially however, biology is …

It should be the ultimate goal of any theory of evolution to delineate the contours of an
integrative system to answer the question: How does life (in all its complexity) evolve (which …

Maintaining order at the tissue level is crucial throughout the lifespan, as failure can lead to
cancer and an accumulation of molecular and cellular disorders. Perhaps, the most …

Natural selection has a formal definition as the natural process that results in the survival
and reproductive success of individuals or groups best adjusted to their environment …

An overwhelming abundance of innovative civil aeroplane concepts has been presented by
the research community in recent decades. Their development has been motivated mainly …

The ideas of self-observation and self-representation, and the concomitant idea of
selfcontrol, pervade both the cognitive and life sciences, arising in domains as diverse as …

Highlights•Self-sustenance, communication, and replication are observed in nonbiological
systems.•Every system requires a bidirectional exchange of information with the …

Organisms play, explore, and mimic those around them. Is there a purpose to this behavior?
Are organisms just behaving, or are they trying to achieve goals? We believe this is a false …

Evolution by natural selection is believed to be the only possible source of spontaneous
adaptive organisation in the natural world. This places strict limits on the kinds of systems …