Combustion emissions account for over half of the fine particle (PM2. 5) air pollution and
most of the primary particulate organic matter. Human exposure to combustion emissions …

Genome instability is a prerequisite for the development of cancer. It occurs when genome
maintenance systems fail to safeguard the genome's integrity, whether as a consequence of …

This article reviews the environmental risk factors and predisposing conditions for the two
main histologic types of esophageal cancer. Tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol …

Large cohort studies in the US and in Europe suggest that air pollution may increase lung
cancer risk. Biomarkers can be useful to understand the mechanisms and to characterize …

Although cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption increase risk for head and neck
cancers, there have been few attempts to model risks quantitatively and to formally evaluate …

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a unique class of organic pollutants containing
two or more fused aromatic rings, which are toxic and potential carcinogens. They are …

Metabolites of pyrene and DNA adducts have been used as biomarkers of high level
exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A systematic review was performed to …

Risk assessment of complex environmental samples suffers from difficulty in identifying toxic
components, inadequacy of available toxicity data, and a paucity of knowledge about the …

Investigators typically analyze cigarette smoking using smoking duration and intensity
(number of cigarettes smoked per day) as risk factors. However, odds ratios (OR) for …

Background: Relative risks (RRs) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) by smoking rate exhibit
a concave pattern, with RRs in low rate smokers exceeding a linear extrapolation from …