It has long been known that endothelial Ca2+ signals drive angiogenesis by recruiting
multiple Ca2+-sensitive decoders in response to pro-angiogenic cues, such as vascular …

In the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetes-related hyperglycemia directly
inhibits the AKT signaling pathway by increasing oxidative stress or inhibiting growth factor …

Background Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes emerge as promising
candidates for treating delayed wound healing in diabetes due to the promotion of …

Gastrointestinal enterochromaffin cells regulate bone and gut homeostasis via serotonin (5-
hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) production. A recent report suggested that gut microbes regulate …

Receptor signaling relays on intracellular events amplified by secondary and tertiary
messenger molecules. In cardiomyocytes and smooth muscle cells, cyclic AMP (cAMP) and …

Piezo1, a calcium-permeable non-selective cationic channel that senses mechanical
stimulation in multicellular organisms, mediates various biological processes, including …

Abstract Background Local injection of BaCl 2 is an established model of acute injury to
study the regeneration of skeletal muscle. However, the mechanism by which BaCl 2 causes …

ABSTRACT Introduction Calpain-1 and calpain-2 are prototypical classical isoforms of the
calpain family of calcium-activated cysteine proteases. Their substrate proteins participate in …

Tumor-associated angiogenesis is a key target for anti-cancer therapy. The imbalance
between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic signals elicited by tumor cells or tumor …

Concentric pulmonary vascular wall thickening due partially to increased pulmonary artery
(PA) smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation contributes to elevating pulmonary vascular …