Myocardial infarction is the most common form of acute coronary syndrome. Blockage of a
coronary artery due to blood clotting leads to ischemia and subsequent cell death in the form …

Innate and adaptive immune cell activation and infiltration is the key characteristic of tissue
inflammation. The innate immune system is the front line of host defense in which innate …

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the CNS. Astrocytes contribute to the
pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, but little is known about the heterogeneity of astrocytes …

As reperfusion therapies have become more widely used in acute myocardial infarction
patients, ischemia-induced myocardial damage has been markedly reduced, but reperfusion …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most debilitating chronic diseases worldwide, with
increased prevalence and incidence. In addition to its macrovascular damage, through its …

In response to stress signal, nuclear factor‐erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) induces the
expression of target genes involved in antioxidant defense and detoxification. Nrf2 activity is …

Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the most effective and widely used drugs in the management of
autoimmune and dermatological diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis patients who …

Arbutin is a compound of hydroquinone and D-glucose, and it has been over 30 years since
there have been serious studies on the skin lightening action of this substance. In the …

The antioxidant activity of protein-derived peptides was one of the first to be revealed among
the more than 50 known peptide bioactivities to date. The exploitation value associated with …

The rediscovery and reinterpretation of the Warburg effect in the year 2000 occulted for
almost a decade the key functions exerted by mitochondria in cancer cells. Until recent …