Addictive drugs have in common that they are voluntarily self-administered by laboratory
animals (usually avidly), and that they enhance the functioning of the reward circuitry of the …

Non-substance addictive behaviors may involve repetitive rewarding behaviors including
gambling, gaming, sexual activities, internet-use, and buying-shopping. In addictions, there …

Evidence that psychoactive substance use disorders, bulimia nervosa, pathological
gambling, and sexual addiction share an underlying biopsychological process is …

Moves to legalize marijuana highlight the urgency to investigate effects of chronic marijuana
in the human brain. Here, we challenged 48 participants (24 controls and 24 marijuana …

Adolescence is a period of dramatic neural reorganization creating a period of vulnerability
and the possibility for the development of psychopathology. The maturation of various neural …

Repeated exposure to drugs of abuse produces long‐term molecular and neurochemical
changes that may explain the core features of addiction, such as the compulsive seeking …

After a 12-year search for the antipsychotic receptor, the binding site was discovered and
labelled by [3H] haloperidol in 1975. Of the various neurotransmitters, dopamine was the …

Currently available treatments have limited pro-cognitive effects for neuropsychiatric
disorders, such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The …

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) contains multiple subpopulations of medium spiny neurons
(MSNs). One subpopulation expresses D1-type dopamine receptors, another expresses D2 …

Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-
motor symptoms which relentlessly and progressively lead to substantial disability and …