Adjuvants are indispensable components of vaccines. Despite being widely used in
vaccines, their action mechanisms are not yet clear. With a greater understanding of the …

Peptide‐based hydrogel biomaterials have emerged as an excellent strategy for immune
system modulation. Peptide‐based hydrogels are supramolecular materials that self …

Peptide-based vaccines have been widely investigated in cancer immunotherapy. Despite
their high specificity, safety, and low production cost, these vaccines have shown limited …

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer, and surgical resection is the first
choice for its treatment. With the development of operation techniques, surgical treatment for …

Urea cycle defects (UCDs) are severe inherited metabolic diseases with high unmet needs
which present a permanent risk of hyperammonaemic decompensation and subsequent …

Microneedles are a well-known transdermal or transdermal drug delivery system. Different
from intramuscular injection, intravenous injection, etc., the microneedle delivery system …

Most vaccines require several immunizations to induce robust immunity, and indeed, most
SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines require an initial two‐shot regimen followed by several boosters to …

Prophylactic vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV) have proven efficacy in those
who have not been infected by the virus. However, they do not benefit patients with …

The infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes promises to suppress the most irresistible
metastatic tumor for immunotherapy, yet immune privilege and low immunogenic responses …

Vaccines have saved countless lives by preventing and even irradicating infectious
diseases. Commonly used subunit vaccines comprising one or multiple recombinant …