Background: As an indispensable part of the cerebral venous system, the extracranial
cerebrospinal venous system is not fully recognized. This study aimed to analyze the clinical …

The internal jugular veins (IJV) are the primary venous outflow channels of the head and
neck. The IJV is of clinical interest since it is often used for central venous access. This …

Background: The pathologic consequences of inflammatory responses in chronic
cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) remains poorly understood. Hence, this study …

Purpose Investigations of the hemodynamic changes of the venous system in patients with
multiple sclerosis (MS) have shown contradictory results. Herein, the biomechanical …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To date, research on extracranial venous collaterals has
been focused on structure, with relatively little attention paid to hemodynamics. We …

Аннотация Рост числа исследований на тему нарушений церебрального венозного
кровообращения, связанных с наружным стенозом внутренних яремных вен, а также …

The range of cervical venous anatomic variations is vast. The spectrum of minor variations is
particularly extensive, but most are not of great import. However, the larger draining veins …

Background and purpose Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) related
inflammatory process is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate peripheral inflammatory …

Einige Autoren postulieren eine sog. chronische zerebrospinale venöse Insuffizienz
(CCSVI) mit Abflussbehinderung der Gehirn und Rückenmark drainierenden Venen als (Mit …

Abnormalities of the neck vessels and peripheral and retroperitoneal vasculature are
relatively rare in the pediatric population. Nonetheless, increasing numbers of hospitalized …