Minimally invasive medicine has become mainstream because of its crucial clinical
significance in providing a low risk of postoperative complications, limited blood loss, short …

Optical fiber technology has changed the world by enabling extraordinary growth in world-
wide communications and sensing. The rapid development and wide deployment of optical …

Anticancer therapy screening in vitro identifies additional treatments and improves clinical
outcomes. Systematically, although most tested cells respond to cues with apoptosis, an …

Introduction Fiber optic probe-based in vivo spectroscopy techniques are fast and highly
objective methods for intraoperative diagnoses and minimally invasive surgical interventions …

White light endoscopic imaging allows for the examination of internal human organs and is
essential in the detection and treatment of early-stage cancers. To facilitate diagnosis of …

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has become invaluable in preclinical and clinical research.
Endoscopic PA imaging in particular has been explored as a noninvasive imaging modality …

Endoscopies are crucial for detecting and diagnosing diseases in gastroenterology,
pulmonology, urology, and other fields. To accurately diagnose diseases, sample biopsies …

Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), the only bacterium classified as a type I (definite)
carcinogen, is strongly associated with the development of gastric inflammation and …

Objectives Micro–computed tomography (micro-CT) is a novel, nondestructive, slide-free
digital imaging modality that enables the acquisition of high-resolution, volumetric images of …

In this work, a dual-display endoscopic vision system was designed as a multi-parametric
tool to monitor dynamic responses of biological tissues. The endoscope integrates oximetry …