Over the past several decades, the incidence of early-onset cancers, often defined as
cancers diagnosed in adults< 50 years of age, in the breast, colorectum, endometrium …

Background In this review, we examine the continually expanding and increasingly
compelling data linking radiation and various chemicals in our environment to the current …

Background: Identifying risk factors for breast cancer specific to women in their 40s could
inform screening decisions. Purpose: To determine what factors increase risk for breast …

Cadmium is a cumulative nephrotoxicant that is absorbed into the body from dietary sources
and cigarette smoking. The levels of Cd in organs such as liver and kidney cortex increase …

This review reports current knowledge regarding the roles that cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg),
arsenic (As), lead (PB), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) play as endocrine-disrupting …

On 4 October 2002, women who were moder-ate drinkers received good news: their risk of
breast cancer was not raised, according to a report in the Lancet that was widely covered by …

Acrylamide is a probable human carcinogen. Aside from occupational exposures and
smoking, diet is the main source of exposure in humans. We performed a systematic review …

The term 'life course epidemiology'was coined in 1997 with the publication of the first edition
of A Life Course Approach to Chronic Disease Epidemiology. 1 This book reviewed the pre …

The goals of this second edition are to examine how the areas of health, illness, and
medicine can be studied from a psychological and cultural perspective and to introduce the …

Observational epidemiologic studies are prone to confounding, measurement error, and
reverse causation, undermining robust causal inference. Mendelian randomization (MR) …