Background Previous studies have implicated a vital association between gut microbiota/gut
microbial metabolites and low back pain (LBP), but their causal relationship is still unclear …

Neuropathic pain (NP) is characterized by its complex and multifactorial nature and limited
responses to opioid therapy; NP is associated with risks of drug resistance, addiction …

Objective Several studies have reported the association between gut microbiota and
infertility; however, the causal association between them remains unclear. This study aimed …

Introduction Clinical observations have found that prolonged use of analgesics increases
the incidence of infection. However, the direct causal relationship between prescription …

Background Some observational studies have shown that immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
is highly associated with the alteration-composition of gut microbiota. However, the causality …

The gut microbiome is a significant contributor to mental health, with growing evidence
linking its composition to anxiety and depressive disorders. Gut microbiome composition is …

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been rising globally, making it important to
understand risk factors. Depression has been identified as a risk factor in epidemiological …