Despite significant reductions in morbidity and mortality secondary to availability of effective
combination anti‐retroviral therapy (cART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection …

Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) act at the interface of host and pathogen interactions in human
infectious diseases. Tregs are induced by a wide range of pathogens, but distinct effects of …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in HIV-infected patients leads to recovery of CD4+ T
cell numbers and restoration of protective immune responses against a wide variety of …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART), while essential in combatting tuberculosis (TB) and HIV
coinfection, is often complicated by the TB-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has represented a major advancement in the care of people
living with HIV (PLWHH), resulting in significant reductions in morbidity and mortality through …

Patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) may
develop immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS). No biomarkers for TB-IRIS …

Background Patients co-infected with advanced HIV and tuberculosis are at risk of
tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) and death …

Despite the availability of effective combined antiretroviral treatment, many patients still
present with advanced HIV infection, often accompanied by an AIDS-defining disease. A …

In almost one in five HIV/tuberculosis (TB) co-infected patients, initiation of antiretroviral
therapy (ART) is complicated by TB immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) …

Background: Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-
IRIS) is a substantial problem in HIV/TB coinfected patients commencing antiretroviral …