Inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channels allow K+ to move more easily into rather than out of the
cell. They have diverse physiological functions depending on their type and their location …

Axons are generally considered as reliable transmission cables in which stable propagation
occurs once an action potential is generated. Axon dysfunction occupies a central position in …

Heterotrimeric G proteins are key players in transmembrane signaling by coupling a huge
variety of receptors to channel proteins, enzymes, and other effector molecules. Multiple …

Neurotransmission in the hippocampus is modulated variously through presynaptic
metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). To establish the precise localization of …

To study the role of G protein-coupled, inwardly rectifying K+(GIRK) channels in mediating
neurotransmitter actions in hippocampal neurons, we have examined slices from transgenic …

Elevated levels of extracellular glutamate ([Glu] o) cause uncontrolled Ca2+ increases in
most neurons and are believed to mediate excitotoxic brain injury following stroke and other …

Background The mediodorsal thalamus plays a critical role in cognition through its extensive
innervation of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), but how the two structures cooperate at …

G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir3/GirK) are important for
maintaining resting membrane potential, cell excitability and inhibitory neurotransmission …

Hippocampal lesions produce memory deficits, but the exact function of the hippocampus
remains obscure. Evidence is presented that its role in memory may be ancillary to …

Upon stimulation of vagal nerves, acetylcholine (ACh) c is released from axonal terminals
and decelerates the heart beat. This historic discovery by Otto Loewi in the 1920s …