Macrophages are important immune cells in innate immunity, and have remarkable
heterogeneity and polarization. Under pathological conditions, in addition to the resident …

Scavenger receptors belong to a superfamily of proteins that are structurally heterogeneous
and encompass the miscellaneous group of transmembrane proteins and soluble secretory …

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic virus that can establish a persistent and chronic
infection in humans through immune anergy. Currently, 3.5% of the global population is …

Luteolin is a natural flavonoid compound derived from vegetables, fruits, and herbs with
potent anti-inflammatory activity. Macrophage polarization is important in the development …

The cross-talk between mesenchymal stem and stromal cells (MSCs) and macrophages is
critical for the restoration of tissue homeostasis after injury. Here, we demonstrate a pathway …

Skeletal muscle repair and regeneration after injury is a multi-stage process, involving a
dynamic inflammatory microenvironment consisting of a complex network formed by the …

Simple Summary Infections with Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viruses are usually
asymptomatic and although some patients undergo resolution of infection, the majority do …

The immune system has a well‐established contribution to tissue homeostasis and wound
healing. However, in many cases immune responses themselves can cause severe tissue …

Amphiregulin (AREG), which acts as one of the ligands for epidermal receptor growth factor
receptor (EGFR), plays a crucial role in tissue repair, inflammation, and immunity. AREG is …

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an international health problem with extremely
high mortality and morbidity rates. Although current clinical chronic hepatitis B (CHB) …