Among the many heavy metals, chromium (Cr) is one of the fascinating ones. In its two most
prevalent oxidation forms, trivalent (Cr 3+) and hexavalent (Cr 6+), Cr has completely …

Heavy metal accumulation in soil has been rapidly increased due to various natural
processes and anthropogenic (industrial) activities. As heavy metals are non-biodegradable …

Copper (Cu) is an essential element for humans and plants when present in lesser amount,
while in excessive amounts it exerts detrimental effects. There subsists a narrow difference …

Soil heavy metal pollution has become a worldwide environmental issue that has attracted
considerable public attention, largely from the increasing concern for the security of …

Heavy metal pollution in soil is a global problem with serious impacts on human health and
ecological security. Phytoextraction in phytoremediation, in which plants uptake and …

Environmental pollution from hazardous waste materials, organic pollutants and heavy
metals, has adversely affected the natural ecosystem to the detriment of man. These …

Pollution by heavy metals (HM) represents a serious threat for both the environment and
human health. Due to their elemental character, HM cannot be chemically degraded, and …

Soil metal contamination is a major concern due to the ever-rising number of areas afflicted
worldwide and the detrimental effects of metals to the environment and human health. Due …

Hyperaccumulators are unusual plants that accumulate particular metals or metalloids in
their living tissues to levels that may be hundreds or thousands of times greater than is …

Cadmium is a non-essential trace metal, which is highly toxic to nearly all living organisms.
Soil pollution causes Cd contamination of crops, thereby rendering plant products …