Purpose The aim of this brief review is to provide an update on the theory regarding minimal
fresh gas flow techniques for inhaled general anesthesia. The article also includes an …

Review Low-flow anesthesia: Theory, practice, technical preconditions, advantages, and
foreign gas accumulation Page 1 166 JA Baum: Low-flow anesthesia J Anesth (1999) 13:166–174 …

Any technique that employs a fresh gas flow that is less than the alveolar ventilation can be
classified as low-flow anaesthesia. The complexities involved in the calculation of uptake of …

BACKGROUND: Numerous transient effects of anesthesia on postoperative immune status
have been documented in the literature. OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to test the …

Clinical and economic factors that are important to consider when selecting anaesthesia for
day-case surgery can differ from those for inpatient anaesthesia. Patients undergoing day …

Background and objective Minimal-and low-flow anaesthesia (fresh gas flow below 1 L min−
1) provide many advantages, including reduced cost, conservation of body heat and airway …

Background and objective Low-flow anaesthesia is economical and less polluting. The
purpose of this study was to determine the inspired and end-tidal desflurane concentrations …

Background We reported a 1-1-12 wash-in scheme for desflurane-nitrous oxide (N2O) low
flow anesthesia that is simple, rapid, and predictable. There remain some situations where …

Background. We propose a 1‐1‐12 wash‐in scheme for desflurane‐nitrous oxide (N2O) low‐
flow anesthesia. The objective of our study was to determine the time to achieve alveolar …

Objective We aimed to compare minimal flow sevoflurane and desflurane anaesthesia in
terms of hemodynamic parameters, body temperature, anaesthetic gas consumption and …