Plant roots associate with diverse microbes (including bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, and
viruses) collectively called the root-associated microbiome. Among them, mycorrhizal fungi …

BACKGROUND Microbial interactions have shaped plant diversity in terrestrial ecosystems.
By forming mutually beneficial symbioses, microbes helped plants colonize land more than …

BACKGROUND Although plants are dependent on the capture of a number of elemental
nutrients from the soil, the principal nutrients that limit plant productivity are nitrogen (N) and …

Content Summary 414 I. Introduction 415 II. Ca2+ importer and exporter in plants 415 III. The
Ca2+ decoding toolkit in plants 415 IV. Mechanisms of Ca2+ signal decoding 417 V …

Plants encounter a myriad of microorganisms, particularly at the root–soil interface, that can
invade with detrimental or beneficial outcomes. Prevalent beneficial associations between …

BACKGROUND Among the extensive cortège of plant-associated microorganisms (the so-
called plant microbiota), mutualistic fungal and bacterial symbionts are striking examples of …

Contents Summary 1031 I. Introduction 1031 II. Interkingdom communication enabling
symbiosis 1032 III. Nutritional and regulatory roles for key metabolites in the AM symbiosis …

Most land plants form symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. These
are the most common and widespread terrestrial plant symbioses, which have a global …

For survival, plants have to efficiently adjust their phenotype to environmental challenges,
finely coordinating their responses to balance growth and defence. Such phenotypic …

Plants have lived in close association with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi for over 400
million years. Today, this endosymbiosis occurs broadly in the plant kingdom where it has a …