The recently uncovered key role of the peripheral and central nervous systems in controlling
tumorigenesis and metastasis has opened a new area of research to identify innovative …

Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Adult cancer survivors suffer an extremely diverse
and complex set of impairments, affecting virtually every organ system. Both physical and …

Clinical pain is a serious public health issue. Treatment of pain-related suffering requires
knowledge of how pain signals are initially interpreted and subsequently transmitted and …

In this review, we integrate recent human and animal studies from the viewpoint of chronic
pain. First, we briefly review the impact of chronic pain on society and address current pitfalls …

Chronic pain is a highly prevalent debilitating condition for which treatment options remain
limited for many patients. Ionotropic ATP signalling through excitatory and calcium …

Common cancers, including cancers of the breast, lung, and prostate, frequently metastasize
to multiple bones where they can cause significant and life-altering pain. Similar to cancer …

Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is typically produced by cancer cells and
suppresses immunity through the receptor PD-1 expressed on T cells. However, the role of …

Heme, an iron-containing porphyrin, is of vital importance for cells due to its involvement in
several biological processes, including oxygen transport, energy production and drug …

In the United States, cancer is the second most common cause of death and it is expected
that about 562,340 Americans will have died of cancer in 2009. Bone cancer pain is …

Accumulating evidence suggests that activation of spinal microglia contributes to the
development of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. However, the role of spinal microglia in …