Fast, high-resolution, non-destructive and quantitative characterization methods are needed
to develop materials with tailored properties at the nanoscale or to understand the …

Since it was first demonstrated in 1987, magnetic force microscopy (MFM) has become a
truly widespread and commonly used characterization technique that has been applied to a …

A current challenge in the life sciences is to understand how biological systems change their
structural, biophysical and chemical properties to adjust functionality. Addressing this issue …

Three decades after its invention, scanning probe microscopy has become a widely used
method in laboratories as diverse as industrial magnetic storage development or structural …

Hydration layers are ubiquitous in life and technology. Hence, interfacial aqueous layers
have a central role in a wide range of phenomena from materials science to molecular and …

Directly observing individual protein molecules in action at high spatiotemporal resolution
has long been a holy grail for biological science. This is because we long have had to infer …

In the history of science and technology, researchers have always undertaken endeavors to
enhance the degree of “directness of measurement”. With “directness of measurement”, we …

Correlative microscopy, the integration of two or more microscopy techniques performed on
the same sample, produces results that emphasize the strengths of each technique while …

Mechanobiology aims to establish functional relationships between the mechanical state of
a living a cell and its physiology. The acquisition of force–distance curves with an AFM is by …

High-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) allows direct visualization of dynamic
structural changes and processes of functioning biological molecules in physiological …