BACKGROUND The best-known role of spermatozoa is to fertilize the oocyte and to transmit
the paternal genome to offspring. These highly specialized cells have a unique structure …

Metformin (MF), a first-line drug to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), alone and in
combination with other drugs, restores the ovarian function in women with polycystic ovary …

Metformin, a biguanide drug, is the most commonly used first-line medication for type 2
diabetes mellites due to its outstanding glucose-lowering ability. After oral administration of …

Obesity is a systemic metabolic disease that can induce male infertility or subfertility through
oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine how obesity impairs sperm …

The association of decreased fecundity with insecticide resistance and the negative
sublethal effects of insecticides on insect reproduction indicates the typical trade-off between …

In mammals, sperm acquire fertilization ability after a series of physiological and
biochemical changes, collectively known as capacitation, that occur inside the female …

Bull fertility is of paramount importance in bovine industry because semen from a single bull
is used to breed several thousands of cows; however, so far, no reliable test is available for …

Reproduction is an energy demanding function and only take place in case of sufficient
available energy status in mammals. Metabolic diseases such as anorexia nervosa are …

Autophagy is a “self-eating” process that engulfs cellular contents for their subsequent
digestion in lysosomes to engage the metabolic need in response to starvation or …

Numerous factors trigger male infertility, including lifestyle, the environment, health, medical
resources and pathogenic microorganism infections. Bacterial infections of the male …