This review presents a comparison between the complex genetic regulatory networks that
control nitrogen fixation in three representative rhizobial species, Rhizobium meliloti …

Phage integrases are enzymes that mediate unidirectional site-specific recombination
between two DNA recognition sequences, the phage attachment site, attP, and the bacterial …

The genome DNA of Escherichia coli is associated with about 10 DNA-binding structural
proteins, altogether forming the nucleoid. The nucleoid proteins play some functional roles …

How genomes are organized within cells and how the 3D architecture of a genome
influences cellular functions are significant questions in biology. A bacterial genomic DNA …

DNA topoisomerases are a diverse set of essential enzymes responsible for maintaining
chromosomes in an appropriate topological state. Although they vary considerably in …

Bacteria and archaea employ adaptive immunity against foreign genetic elements using
CRISPR-Cas systems. To generate immunological memory, the Cas1-Cas2 protein complex …

The genome of Escherichia coli is composed of a single molecule of circular DNA with the
length of about 47,000 kilobase pairs, which is associated with about 10 major DNA-binding …

All higher organisms contain small, basic, abundant, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-binding
proteins called histones. These proteins are highly conserved in terms of primary structure …

Cyanobacteria may possess two distinct nickel-iron (NiFe)-hydrogenases: an uptake
enzyme found in N 2-fixing strains, and a bidirectional one present in both non-N 2-fixing …

The proU locus encodes an osmotically inducible glycine betaine transport system that is
important in the adaptation to osmotic stress. We present evidence that DNA supercoiling …