Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is classically characterised by the clinical need for insulin, the
presence of disease-associated serum autoantibodies, and an onset in childhood. The …

Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are two common
autoimmune diseases that can occur concomitantly. In general, patients with diabetes have …

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that develops in the interplay between
genetic and environmental factors. A majority of individuals who develop T1D have a HLA …

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) which include Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's
thyroiditis (HT) as well as type 1 diabetes (T1D) are common autoimmune disorders in …

Objectives In recent years, more and more studies have been focusing on the association
between Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4)(+ 49 A/G) gene polymorphism and …

In the past decade, a number of case–control studies have been carried out to investigate
the relationship between the CTLA4 gene polymorphisms and type 1 diabetes (T1D) …

Introduction: Cancer immunotherapies with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against immune
checkpoints (ie CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1) have revolutionized antineoplastic treatments …

Objectives: CTLA-4 exon-1+ 49A> G (rs231775) polymorphism has been reported to
influence the risk for primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) as well as type I autoimmune hepatitis …

Although the polymorphisms of PTPN22 and the variants of CTLA-4 have been reported to
be the susceptibility genes, which increased risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults …

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a complex disorder characterized by an autoimmune
response against human pancreatic beta-cells. Patients with T1D can also develop a …