Epilepsy is a common medical condition that affects people of all ages, races, social classes,
and geographical regions. Diagnosis of epilepsy remains clinical, and ancillary …

Ongoing challenges in diagnosing focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) mandate continuous
research and consensus agreement to improve disease definition and classification. An …

Tumor classification has evolved over the last decades with technical progress contributing
much to our current concepts. Among diagnostic hallmarks, novelties were immunostaining …

In general, the various medical systems currently available provide insights into changes in
the tumor genome of patients with tumor sequencing. Most of the tumor DNA sequencing …

For neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), a molecular diagnosis is key for management,
predicting outcome, and counseling. Often, routine DNA-based tests fail to establish a …

DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic modification involved in various biological
processes and diseases. Analysis of DNA methylation data at a genome-wide and high …

Epilepsy surgery should be considered in all patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy. The
diagnostic presurgical evaluation aims to delineate the epileptogenic zone and its …

Abstract Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) is a frequent cause of drug-resistant focal epilepsy
in children and young adults. The international FCD classifications of 2011 and 2022 have …

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a malformation of cortical development characterised by
disruption of cortical cytoarchitecture. Classification of FCDs subtypes has initially been …

Aims Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a major cause of drug‐resistant paediatric epilepsy
and is amenable to successful neurosurgical resection. FCD ILAE Type IIb is the most …