Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) technology is a novel and promising therapeutic
strategy using small molecules to induce ubiquitin-dependent degradation of proteins. It has …

Several mechanisms and cell types are involved in the regulation of the immune response.
These include mostly regulatory T cells (Tregs), regulatory macrophages (Mregs), myeloid …

Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells (TIMs) are crucial cell populations involved in tumor immune
escape, and their functions are regulated by multiple epigenetic mechanisms. The precise …

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in immune regulation. It can activate
janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling …

Chemotherapy is a well-known and effective treatment for different cancers; unfortunately, it
has not been as efficient in the eradication of all cancer cells as been expected. The …

Janus kinase/signal transduction and transcription activation (JAK/STAT) pathways were
originally thought to be intracellular signaling pathways that mediate cytokine signals in …

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is typically lack of expression of estrogen
receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 …

The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has markedly enhanced the treatment
of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and HCC patients who respond to ICIs have shown …

Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are
among the most important and abundant players of the tumor microenvironment. CAFs as …

Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death in patients with gynecological
malignancy. Despite optimal cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy …