Astrocytes are a large and diverse population of morphologically complex cells that exist
throughout nervous systems of multiple species. Progress over the last two decades has …

For hundreds of years, mankind has been influencing its sleep and waking state through the
adenosinergic system. For~ 100 years now, systematic research has been performed, first …

Sleep interacts reciprocally with immune system activity, but its specific relationship with
microglia—the resident immune cells in the brain—remains poorly understood. Here, we …

Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, characterized by slow-wave electrophysiological
activity, underlies several critical functions, including learning and memory. However, NREM …

Neuronal networks are capable of undergoing rapid structural and functional changes called
plasticity, which are essential for shaping circuit function during nervous system …

Astrocytes play a crucial role in regulating sleep–wake behavior, and adenosine signaling is
generally thought to be involved. Here we show multiple lines of evidence supporting that …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric illnesses
worldwide which impairs the social functioning of the afflicted patients. Astrocytes promote …

Astrocytes are known to influence neuronal activity through different mechanisms, including
the homeostatic control of extracellular levels of ions and neurotransmitters and the …

Sleep is under homeostatic control, whereby increasing wakefulness generates sleep need
and triggers sleep drive. However, the molecular and cellular pathways by which sleep need …

Common human experience is that a long period without sleep is unsustainable, and it is
also detrimental to health and behavior. The powerful and primal urge to sleep after sleep …