Male reproductive health has declined as indicated by increasing rates of cryptorchidism, ie,
undescended testis, poor semen quality, low serum testosterone level, and testicular cancer …

The high incidence of low sperm counts in young (European) men and evidence for
declining sperm counts in recent decades mean that the environmental/lifestyle impact on …

BACKGROUND Although prescription drug use is common during pregnancy, the human
teratogenic risks are undetermined for more than 90% of drug treatments approved in the …

Difficult to measure accurately and deal with effectively, organic pollutants continue to be a
major hazard in the environment. Significantly expanded, the second edition of Organic …

Cryptorchidism is the most frequent congenital birth defect in male children (2–4% in full-
term male births), and it has the potential to impact the health of the human male. In fact …

Abstract Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are harmful compounds that enter the
environment naturally or through anthropogenic activities and disrupt normal endocrine …

Bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known endocrine disruptor present in epoxy resins and
polycarbonate plastics, negatively disturbs the male reproductive system affecting male …

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a monomer of polycarbonate plastic used to manufacture plastic baby
bottles and lining of food cans. It has endocrine-disrupting potential and exerts both toxic …

The rapid effects of steroids on spermatozoa have been demonstrated for the first time two
decades ago. Progesterone (P), which is present throughout the female genital tract with …

Environmental toxicants have been shown to induce the epigenetic transgenerational
inheritance of adult onset disease, including testis disease and male infertility. The current …