Marine foundation species are the biotic basis for many of the world's coastal ecosystems,
providing structural habitat, food, and protection for myriad plants and animals as well as …

The ocean is warming, losing oxygen and being acidified, primarily as a result of
anthropogenic carbon emissions. With ocean warming, acidification and deoxygenation …

Effective policies to halt biodiversity loss require knowing which anthropogenic drivers are
the most important direct causes. Whereas previous knowledge has been limited in scope …

2 Chapter 2 assesses observed large-scale changes in climate system drivers, key climate
indicators and 3 principal modes of variability. Chapter 3 considers model performance and …

Global warming threatens marine biota with losses of unknown severity. Here, we quantify
global and local extinction risks in the ocean across a range of climate futures on the basis …

There is mounting evidence of species redistribution as climate warms. Yet, our knowledge
of the coupling between species range shifts and isotherm shifts remains limited. Here, we …

Environmental justice refers broadly to the distribution of environmental benefits and
burdens, and the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people in environmental …

Background Among the most widely predicted climate change-related impacts to biodiversity
are geographic range shifts, whereby species shift their spatial distribution to track their …

Anthropogenic climate change profoundly alters the ocean's environmental conditions,
which, in turn, impact marine ecosystems. Some of these changes are happening fast and …

This paper discusses severe risks to food security and nutrition that are linked to ongoing
and projected climate change, particularly climate and weather extremes in global warming …