Cancers represent complex ecosystems comprising tumor cells and a multitude of non-
cancerous cells, embedded in an altered extracellular matrix. The tumor microenvironment …

Resistance to therapeutic treatment and metastatic progression jointly determine a fatal
outcome of cancer. Cancer metastasis and therapeutic resistance are traditionally studied as …

Simple Summary Vimentin is an important filamentous protein providing structural and
functional support to the cell. During initial stages of cancer development, vimentin …

The chemokine ligand CCL2 and its receptor CCR2 are implicated in the initiation and
progression of various cancers. CCL2 can activate tumour cell growth and proliferation …

Inflammation predisposes to the development of cancer and promotes all stages of
tumorigenesis. Cancer cells, as well as surrounding stromal and inflammatory cells, engage …

Simple Summary Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the
development of tumors, modulation of neoangiogenesis, immune suppression, and …

Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of human cancer, and it is associated with poor
prognosis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. CIN results from errors in chromosome …

Cancer disease describes any pathology involving uncontrolled cell growth. As cells
duplicate, they can remain localized in defined tissues, forming tumor masses and altering …

Over the last decade, important clinical benefits have been achieved in cancer patients by
using drug-targeting strategies. Nevertheless, drug resistance is still a major problem in …

During carcinogenesis, advanced tumors are surrounded by both stromal and immune cells,
which support tumor development. In addition, inflammation and angiogenesis are …