Plasmid‐mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) was late in being discovered. Nalidixic
acid, the first quinolone to be used clinically, was introduced in 1967 for urinary tract …

While the description of resistance to quinolones is almost as old as these antimicrobial
agents themselves, transferable mechanisms of quinolone resistance (TMQR) remained …

Introduction Currently there are sparse regulations regarding the discharge of antibiotics
from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) into river systems, making surface waters a latent …

High concentrations of antibiotics can exert strong selection pressures on the microbial
community and promote the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes …

This study investigated the variations in antibiotic (sulfonamide and tetracycline) resistance
genes (ARGs) and resistant bacteria (ARB) during manure anaerobic digestion (AD) at 35℃ …

In this study we investigated the co-occurrence of resistance to non-beta-lactams among
cefotaxime-resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers (ESBL+) versus …

Background The aim of this study was to characterize class 1, 2 and 3 integrons in clinical
MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Kashan, Iran. Methods One hundred-eighty one …

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide.
Selective pressure, the extensive use of antibiotics, and the conjugational transmission of …

Antimicrobial resistance in carbapenem non-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii (CNSAb)
is a major public health concern globally. This study determined the antibiotic resistance and …

Integrons are genetic elements that contain a site-specific recombination system able to
capture, express and exchange gene cassettes. Mobile integrons are widespread and often …