Therapeutic success in treating patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is limited
by the multivariate disease etiology, multi-organ presentation, systemic involvement, and …

Background Anifrolumab, a human monoclonal antibody to type I interferon receptor subunit
1 investigated for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), did not have a …

Type III interferons (IFNs) or the lambda IFNs (IFNLs or IFN-λs) are antimicrobial cytokines
that play key roles in immune host defense at endothelial and epithelial barriers. IFNLs …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease involving multiple
immune cells. To elucidate SLE pathogenesis, it is essential to understand the dysregulated …

Inhibitory cytokines, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10),
are humoral factors involved in the suppressive function of regulatory T cells and play critical …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disease
characterized by biological and clinical heterogeneity. The interleukin (IL)-1 superfamily is a …

This review summarizes traditional and emerging therapies for SLE. Evidence suggests that
the heterogeneity of SLE is a crucial aspect contributing to the failure of large clinical trials …

Mouse models of SLE have been indispensable tools to study disease pathogenesis, to
identify genetic susceptibility loci and targets for drug development, and for preclinical …

Previous studies suggested possible bone loss and fracture risk in patients with systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with multiple organ
involvement predominantly affecting women of childbearing age. Environmental factors, as …