This article traces the historical development of various biomarkers of acute and/or chronic
alcohol consumption. Much of the research in this domain of clinical and laboratory …

Monitoring long‐term alcohol use and/or abstinence is essential in clinical and medico‐legal
cases. Analysis of ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in hair provides information on alcohol …

The use of alcohol, despite it being a psychoactive substance, is widely accepted. This
acceptance and the ease of access may lead to alcohol abuse and dependence. Misuse of …

Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a group of phospholipids formed exclusively in the presence
of ethanol on the erythrocyte membrane, making it a direct biomarker for long-term ethanol …

Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a non‐oxidative metabolite of alcohol (ethanol), which is a
sensitive and specific indicator of historic ethanol consumption. Although PEth production …

Phosphatidylethanol Test for Identifying Harmful Alcohol Consumption | AAFP search close
brand logo ELIZABETH WILLIAMS, MD, AND JENNIFER G. CHANG, MD, FAAFP, Eglin Air …

Alcohol biomarkers are able to reflect the degree of recent or long-term alcohol
consumption, covering different windows of detection. Phosphatidylethanols (PEths) are an …

Alcohol-related disorders are widespread and often underdiagnosed. They are associated
with substantial costs, not only for the individual drinking alcohol but to the society as a …

Now forensic medicine and toxicology specialty has been a well-established branch since it
was introduced in India in 1935. This specialty has grown since its inception. It is time to look …

Background: Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in sub-
Saharan Africa experience disproportionate rates of stigma and its social repercussions …