Retinal ganglion cells, the neurons that die in glaucoma, are endowed with a high
metabolism requiring optimal provision of oxygen and nutrients to sustain their activity. The …

Metal homeostasis is critical to normal neurophysiological activity. Metal ions are involved in
the development, metabolism, redox and neurotransmitter transmission of the central …

Vertebrates rely on rod photoreceptors for vision in low-light conditions. The specialized
downstream circuit for rod signalling, called the primary rod pathway, is well characterized in …

Aqueous humor drainage from the anterior eye determines intraocular pressure (IOP) under
homeostatic and pathological conditions. Swelling of the trabecular meshwork (TM) alters its …

Purpose: Despite the centrality of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in vision and
retinopathy our picture of RPE morphology is incomplete. With a volumetric reconstruction of …

Understanding the signals from the physical microenvironment is critical for deciphering the
processes of neurogenesis and neurodevelopment. The discovery of how surrounding …

Angiogenesis has been considered a pivotal strategy for treating ischemic heart disease.
One possible approach, the Shexiang Baoxin Pill (MUSKARDIA), has been noted to …

Diabetes mellitus-induced hyperglycemia is responsible for multiple pathological ocular
alternations from vasculopathy to biomechanical dyshomeostasis. Biomechanical …

Ischemia is the main cause of cell death in retinal diseases such as vascular occlusions,
diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, or retinopathy of prematurity. Although excitotoxicity is …

In childhood, retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary tumor in the eye. Long term
therapeutic management with etoposide of this life-threatening condition may have …