Microglial research has advanced considerably in recent decades yet has been constrained
by a rolling series of dichotomies such as" resting versus activated" and" M1 versus M2." …

Microglia activation is observed in various neurodegenerative diseases. Recent advances in
single-cell technologies have revealed that these reactive microglia were with high spatial …

Microglia, the brain's resident macrophages, help to regulate brain function by removing
dying neurons, pruning non-functional synapses, and producing ligands that support …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by extracellular aggregates of amyloid β peptides,
intraneuronal tau aggregates, and neuronal death. This pathology triggers activation of …

Progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by unrelenting neurodegeneration,
which causes cumulative disability and is refractory to current treatments. Drug development …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is heterogenous at the molecular level. Understanding this
heterogeneity is critical for AD drug development. Here we define AD molecular subtypes …

Oligodendrocytes generate multiple layers of myelin membrane around axons of the central
nervous system to enable fast and efficient nerve conduction. Until recently, saltatory nerve …

Microglia and non-parenchymal macrophages in the brain are mononuclear phagocytes that
are increasingly recognized to be essential players in the development, homeostasis and …

Chronic activation of brain innate immunity is a prominent feature of Alzheimer's disease
(AD) and primary tauopathies. However, to what degree innate immunity contributes to …

Microglia are resident cells of the brain that regulate brain development, maintenance of
neuronal networks, and injury repair. Microglia serve as brain macrophages but are distinct …