Cancer is a complex illness that presents significant challenges in its understanding and
treatment. The classic definition," a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled …

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is currently a big challenge in cancer therapy and limits its
success in several patients. Tumors use the MDR mechanisms to colonize the host and …

Mammary tumors in dogs hold great potential as naturally occurring breast cancer models in
translational oncology, as they share the same environmental risk factors, key histological …

Augmenting adaptive immunity is a critical goal for developing next-generation cancer
therapies. T and B cells infiltrating the tumor dramatically influence cancer progression …

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technologies involving photopolymerizable bioinks
(PBs) have attracted enormous attention in recent times owing to their ability to recreate …

The past decades have witnessed the rapid development and widespread application of
nanomedicines in cancer treatment; however, the clinical translation of experimental …

Background: Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models have been a focus of attention
because they closely resemble the tumor features of patients and retain the molecular and …

Biomaterials cover and are an integral part of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
fields. They are crucial to mimic endogenous tissue responses and help to eliminate high …

Background: Because patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models resemble the original tumors,
they can be used as platforms to find target agents for precision medicine and to study …

Cancer models play critical roles in basic cancer research and precision medicine.
However, current in vitro cancer models are limited by their inability to mimic the three …