Extracellular communication, in other words, crosstalk between cells, has a pivotal role in
the survival of an organism. This communication occurs by different methods, one of which is …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of vision loss and blindness worldwide, is
caused by retinal neurovascular unit dysfunction, and its cellular pathology involves at least …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a complex complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is a leading
cause of adult blindness. Hyperglycemia triggers DR, resulting in microvascular damage …

The retina encompasses a network of neurons, glia and epithelial and vascular endothelia
cells, all coordinating visual function. Traditionally, molecular information exchange in this …

Background Cells have been increasingly known to release extracellular vesicles (EVs) to
the extracellular environment under physiological and pathological conditions. A plethora of …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) encompass secreted membrane vesicles of varied sizes,
including exosomes (− 30–200 nm) and microvesicles (MVs) that are∼ 100–1,000 nm in …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes. It is also the main
cause of blindness caused by multicellular damage involving retinal endothelial cells …

Aldosterone, as a mineralocorticoid of adrenal origin, has effects that are not limited to the
urinary tract. As an important regulator in Vasoactive hormone pathways, aldosterone may …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a progressive blinding disease, which affects the vision and
quality of life of patients, and it severely impacts the society. This complication, caused by …

Vascular neogenesis, an early event in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
inflammation, is critical for the formation of synovial vascular networks and plays a key role …