A growing collection of bacterial riboswitch classes is being discovered that sense central
metabolites, coenzymes, and signaling molecules. Included among the various mechanisms …

Gene expression occurs in two essential steps: transcription and translation. In bacteria, the
two processes are tightly coupled in time and space, and highly regulated. Tight regulation …

Therapeutic manipulation of the gut microbiota holds great potential for human health. The
mechanisms bacteria use to colonize the gut therefore present valuable targets for clinical …

Many bacterial genes are regulated by RNA elements in their 5´ untranslated regions
(UTRs). However, the full complement of these elements is not known even in the model …

Transcription termination is an essential step in transcription by RNA polymerase (RNAP)
and crucial for gene regulation. For many bacterial genes, transcription termination is …

Many steps of RNA processing occur during transcription by RNA polymerases. Co-
transcriptional activities are deemed commonplace in prokaryotes, in which the lack of …

At the end of the multistep transcription process, the elongating RNA polymerase (RNAP) is
dislodged from the DNA template either at specific DNA sequences, called the terminators …

SUMMARY A wide variety of mechanisms that control gene expression in bacteria are
based on conditional transcription termination. Generally, in these mechanisms, a …

Transcription is crucial for the expression of genetic information and its efficient and accurate
termination is required for all living organisms. Rho-dependent termination could rapidly …

Mg2+ is the most abundant divalent cation in living cells. It is essential for charge
neutralization, macromolecule stabilization, and the assembly and activity of ribosomes and …