R&D productivity continues to be the industry's grand challenge. We analyzed the R&D
input, output, and outcome of 16 leading research-based pharmaceutical companies over …

Over the years, questions have been raised over R&D costs of new medicines. The aim of
this study is to conduct a landscape review of the (drivers of) R&D costs of a new medicine …

Importance The development of oncology drugs is expensive and beset by a high attrition
rate. Analysis of the costs and causes of translational failure may help to reduce attrition and …

In the dynamic field of drug discovery, deep attention neural networks are revolutionizing our
approach to complex data. This review explores the attention mechanism and its extended …

Bacteriophages (phages) are bacterial viruses, and have been used for more than a century
to combat bacterial infections, particularly in Poland and in the former Soviet Union. The …

The porous coordination cage PCC-1 represents a new platform potentially useful for the
cellular delivery of drugs with poor cell permeability and solubility. PCC-1 is a metal–organic …

As high-cost medicines put increasing pressure on public health care budgets, the need to
identify 'fair'prices for medicines has never been greater. This paper proposes a framework …

Phage therapy is increasingly put forward as a promising additional tool to help curb the
global antimicrobial resistance crisis. However, industrially manufactured phage medicinal …

Absorption is an important area of research in pharmacochemistry and drug development,
because the drug has to be absorbed before any drug effects can occur. Furthermore, the …

Rapid development of tissue engineering in recent years has increased the importance of
three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology as novel strategy for fabrication functional 3D …