Mendelian randomization refers to an analytic approach to assess the causality of an
observed association between a modifiable exposure or risk factor and a clinically relevant …

Researchers from diverse backgrounds are converging on the view that human evolution
has been shaped by gene–culture interactions. Theoretical biologists have used population …

Searching for genetic variants with unusual differentiation between subpopulations is an
established approach for identifying signals of natural selection. However, existing methods …

Associations between modifiable exposures and disease seen in observational
epidemiology are sometimes confounded and thus misleading, despite our best efforts to …

The identification of signals of very recent positive selection provides information about the
adaptation of modern humans to local conditions. We report here on a genome-wide scan …

Researchers have found that, compared to European Americans, African Americans report
later initiation of drinking, lower rates of use, and lower levels of use across almost all age …

The past two decades have witnessed an explosion in the identification, largely by positional
cloning, of genes associated with mendelian diseases. The roughly 1,200 genes that have …

A causal association has been established between alcohol consumption and cancers of
the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, oesophagus, liver, colon, rectum, and, in women, breast; an …

The addictions are common chronic psychiatric diseases that today are prevented and
treated using relatively untargeted and only partially effective methods. The addictions are …

In most human populations, the ability to digest lactose contained in milk usually disappears
in childhood, but in European-derived populations, lactase activity frequently persists into …