The human gastrointestinal tract (GI) harbors a diverse population of microbial life that
continually shapes host pathophysiological responses. Despite readily available abundant …

Gut-liver-brain axis is a three-way highway of information interaction system among the
gastrointestinal tract, liver, and nervous systems. In the past few decades, breakthrough …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains one of the most problematic and economic
consumer disorders worldwide, with growing prevalence and incidence. Over the last years …

Background Alcohol abuse triggers neuroinflammation, leading to neuronal damage and
further memory and cognitive impairment. Few satisfactory advances have been made in the …

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a consequence of excessive alcohol use. According to many
studies, alcohol represents a significant socioeconomic and health risk factor in today's …

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) refers to the liver damage occurring due to excessive
alcohol consumption and involves a broad spectrum of diseases that includes liver steatosis …

At-risk alcohol use is a major contributor to the global health care burden and leads to
preventable deaths and diseases including alcohol addiction, alcoholic liver disease …

BACKGROUND When human populations expanded across the globe, they adapted
genetically to local environments in response to novel selection pressures. Drivers of …

Liver disease encompasses pathologies as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic
steatohepatitis, alcohol liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, viral hepatitis, and …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a broad spectrum of pathological
hepatic conditions ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) …