The receptor activator of nuclear factor‑κB ligand (RANKL)/RANK/osteoprotegerin (OPG)
system was identified in the late 1990s, ending the search for the specific factors expressed …

The discovery of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB (RANK)/RANK Ligand (RANKL)/
osteoprotegerin (OPG) pathway contributed to the understanding of how bone formation and …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are two inflammatory joint
diseases characterized by bone complications including osteoporosis. In RA, periarticular …

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have historically developed progressive damage of
articular bone and cartilage, which correlates with disability over time. In addition, these …

Over the past two decades, the field of osteoimmunology has emerged in response to a
range of evidence demonstrating the reciprocal relationship between the immune system …

The field of osteoimmunology has emerged in response to the range of evidences
demonstrating the close interrelationship between the immune system and bone …

Arthritogenic alphaviral infection begins as a febrile illness and often progresses to joint pain
and rheumatic symptoms that are described as polyarthritis. Alphaviral arthritis and classical …

Bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a key feature both local and systemic. Anti-
citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) have recently been found to directly induce …

Objective A critical role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in bone homeostasis has been suggested in
experimental studies. We examined whether inhibition of IL-6 receptor in patients with …

Objectives To examine how rituximab may result in the inhibition of joint destruction in
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methods Twenty-eight patients with active RA were …