Pain is a multidimensional experience with sensory-discriminative, affective-motivational,
and cognitive-evaluative components. Pain aversiveness is one principal cause of suffering …

Opioid receptors (ORs) are undisputed targets for the treatment of pain. Unfortunately,
targeting these receptors therapeutically poses significant challenges including addiction …

Osteoarthritis is a prevalent age-related disease characterized by dysregulation of
extracellular matrix metabolism, lipid metabolism, and upregulation of senescence …

Etonitazene and related 2-benzylbenzimidazoles are potent analgetics invented in the
research laboratories of the Swiss pharmaceutical giant CIBA in the late 1950s. Though the …

Purpose Since the appearance of fentanyl followed by its many kinds of analogues around
1988, North America has been exposed to fierce synthetic opioid pandemic resulting in …

Neuropeptides, a diverse class of signaling molecules in the nervous system, modulate
various biological effects including membrane excitability, synaptic transmission and …

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is powerful for studying human G protein-coupled
receptors as they can be coupled to its mating pathway. However, some receptors, including …

CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of at least six identified
transcription factors that contain a highly conserved basic leucine zipper domain and …

The trafficking of G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) to different membrane
compartments has recently emerged as being a critical determinant of the signaling profiles …

G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a protein superfamily comprising> 800 members
that regulate numerous cellular and physiologic responses. GPCRs represent the largest …