Bone undergoes continuous remodeling, which is homeostatically regulated by concerted
communication between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-degrading osteoclasts …

Tissue-resident macrophages form an essential part of the first line of defense in all tissues
of the body. Next to their immunological role, they play an important role in maintaining …

Selenoproteins containing selenium in the form of selenocysteine are critical for bone
remodeling. However, their underlying mechanism of action is not fully understood. Herein …

This study explored the mechanism by which metformin (Met) inhibits osteoclast activation
and determined its effects on osteoarthritis (OA) mice. Bone marrow-derived macrophages …

Eosinophils are involved in tissue homeostasis. Herein, we unveiled eosinophils as
important regulators of bone homeostasis. Eosinophils are localized in proximity to bone …

Background and purpose Osteoporosis is characterized by excessive bone resorption due
to enhanced osteoclast activation. Stimulation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 …

Background Icariin is pharmacologically active prenylated flavonoid glycoside that has
various biologic effects such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. In …

For millennia, in the different cultures all over the world, plants have been extensively used
as a source of therapeutic agents with wide-ranging medicinal applications, thus becoming …

T helper (Th) cells can differentiate into functionally distinct subsets and play a pivotal role in
inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Th22 cells have …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are fundamental for proper physiological functioning of
multicellular organisms. By shuttling nucleic acids and proteins between cells, EVs regulate …